{"id":230,"date":"2024-09-05T23:47:01","date_gmt":"2024-09-05T23:47:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wfacampaign.andthedolphine.com\/?p=230"},"modified":"2024-10-19T17:29:59","modified_gmt":"2024-10-19T17:29:59","slug":"ecosystem-restoration-to-reestablish-natures-carbon-sequestration-capacity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/2024\/09\/05\/ecosystem-restoration-to-reestablish-natures-carbon-sequestration-capacity\/","title":{"rendered":"Ecosystem Restoration to Reestablish Nature\u2019s Carbon Sequestration Capacity"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c8359a9a benefits\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-a02edbed gb-headline-text\" id=\"\"><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-eada014a gb-headline-text\">Ecosystem restoration initiatives are essential for re-establishing nature\u2019s carbon sequestration capacity. By revitalising ecosystems through, for example, rewilding initiatives, ecosystems regain their balance, enabling them to capture and store carbon more effectively. For instance, a 2023 Nature Climate Change <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41558-023-01631-6.epdf?sharing_token=s48LR-9xjOChNYQPzXyGptRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Nk-Nr0hEzZ-ozTdmB979tFrC1iPfYQK4tNwmdSgNri4Dru4OjZ1s1xqCPcLYe1EFyQ7JU32sHAuWkjMa6b7mB4W1sHrEu-CYYHDn4vCt9SSqc8dVAvG_tLBj431kuQNw4%3D\">paper<\/a> showed that rewilding efforts focused on restoring populations of nine key wildlife species could capture an extra 6.4 gigatons of carbon dioxide annually. This is equivalent to over 15% of current global annual emissions, matching or surpassing each of the IPCC\u2019s top five options for mitigating climate change (solar energy, wind energy, reduced deforestation, carbon capture and storage, and energy efficiency).  <\/p>\n\n\n<p>This indicates that, over time, rewilding wild animal populations and ecosystem restoration could help draw down a significant proportion of the carbon dioxide already emitted into the atmosphere that needs to be removed to stabilize the global climate. The approach, called <a href=\"https:\/\/globalrewilding.earth\/rewilding-research-papers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Animating the Carbon Cycle<\/a>, not only restores natural sequestration processes but also creates habitats for diverse wildlife, supporting biodiversity. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The restoration of ecosystems also supports the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, in particular Target 11, which aims to restore, maintain, and enhance nature\u2019s contributions to people, including the provision of clean air, water, and climate regulation.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-af614bca measures\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7c745670 gb-headline-text\" id=\"measures\">Measures<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f24ab4f4 gb-accordion\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ae39d45b accordion gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-dc3d5416 gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-dc3d5416\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">1. Invest in ecosystem restoration projects<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-92eb04cf\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-92eb04cf\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-dc0b66a1 gb-headline-text\">Launch large-scale restoration projects to rehabilitate degraded ecosystems, such as forests, wetlands, grasslands, and coastal ecosystems, to enhance their capacity to sequester carbon and support wildlife. When prioritising ecosystems for restoration, it is important to assess the relative carbon sequestration potential of different ecosystems. For example, it is often under-appreciated how much carbon is stored in grasslands relative to forests, and released when they are ploughed up.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-8d1cccc8 gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-3a4d6bb7 gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-3a4d6bb7\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">2. Implement rewilding initiatives<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-5353d5f5\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5353d5f5\">\n\n<p>Restore natural processes by ethically reintroducing native animal species to fill ecological niches lost from ecosystems, thereby increasing ecosystem resilience, recovery, and carbon sequestration capacity. An evidence-based approach that identifies the keystone species in each ecosystem is a good starting point for restoring whole ecosystems.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-45bad5c9 gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-e6b6ee7c gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-e6b6ee7c\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">3. Promote holistic reforestation projects, including their full assemblage of wild animals<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-60aae486\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-60aae486\">\n\n<p>Encourage reforestation, ideally via natural regeneration, using native species to restore degraded ecosystems, which enhances carbon sequestration and provides habitats for wildlife. Wild animals including mammals, birds, insects, amphibians, and reptiles can play key functions in restoring forests and forest health through seed dispersal, foraging, trampling, pollinating, and controlling non-native invasive species.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d2514945 examples\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-ba0d42fb gb-headline-text\" id=\"examples\">Examples<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-610993ef gb-accordion\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f2bc5e92 accordion gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-23847988 gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-23847988\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">Restoring coastal habitats like mangroves and salt marshes boosts blue carbon storage, sequestering 10 times more carbon than tropical forests<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-4e80d076\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4e80d076\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-5896627a gb-headline-text\">Like marine protected areas, habitat restoration in coastal environments like salt marshes, mangroves, and seagrass beds can make an important contribution to increasing blue carbon. Restoration of these habitats is particularly effective since research shows that mangroves and salt marshes sequester carbon at a rate that can be <a href=\"https:\/\/esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1890\/110004\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10 times greater<\/a> (or even more) than tropical forests and can store<a href=\"https:\/\/esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1890\/110004\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> five times as much <\/a>carbon per acre. Restoration of these ecosystems can provide other benefits as well, including flood reduction and protection from storms and tsunamis. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fisheries.noaa.gov\/national\/habitat-conservation\/protecting-coastal-blue-carbon-through-habitat-conservation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Southern Flow Corridor<\/a> project in Oregon, USA restored tidal wetlands, with the effect of boosting local salmon populations, reducing flooding for nearby communities and, importantly, enabling the eventual storage of 100,000 tons of carbon dioxide, the equivalent of removing 21,000 cars from roads for one year. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6a4463ee gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-1261480f gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-1261480f\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">Sea otter recovery in Monterey Bay restores salt marshes and kelp forests, boosting carbon storage and ecosystem resilience<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-35a3bb12\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-35a3bb12\">\n\n<p>The restoration of declining coastal marsh habitat in Monterey Bay, California, thanks to the return of the sea otter, is a prime example of how the protection of a predator can enhance the health and resilience of an ecosystem under significant stress. Salt marshes are critical for both humans and wildlife as they provide habitat, food, carbon storage, and shoreline protection. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-023-06959-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Studies<\/a> have shown that the recovery of sea otters can lead to a remarkable improvement in the stability of marshlands. Sea otters prey on burrowing crabs, which are known to feed on the roots and underground stems of marsh plants, leading to erosion and weakening of the marsh structure. By controlling crab populations, sea otters strengthen the integrity of the marshes they inhabit, reducing erosion and promoting the growth of marsh vegetation. This, in turn, enhances the marshes&#8217; capacity to store carbon and makes them more resilient to the impacts of climate change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sea otters also have a profound impact on the recovery of kelp forests. Kelp forests inhabited by sea otters have been found to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2012\/09\/120907161437.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">absorb<\/a> 12 times as much carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than their otter-less counterparts. Because of their appetite for sea urchins \u2013 creatures that, if left without their natural predators, would multiply and devour entire kelp forests \u2013 sea otters increase kelp forest carbon storage by 4.4 to 8.7 megatons annually, equivalent to the CO2 emissions of three to six million cars.<br><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-7da2bc0c gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-2782c44b gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-2782c44b\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">Kazakhstan&#8217;s Altyn Dala Conservation Initiative restores steppe ecosystems, boosting Saiga population and promoting biodiversity, climate resilience, and local livelihoods<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-fa513b1f\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fa513b1f\">\n\n<p>The Altyn Dala Conservation Initiative in Kazakhstan is an example of large-scale ecosystem restoration that delivers multiple benefits for biodiversity, climate resilience, and human livelihoods. The initiative focuses on restoring and conserving the steppe ecosystem, a critical habitat for the endangered Saiga antelope. Through these efforts, the Saiga population has rebounded from 50,000 in 2005 to over 1.3 million by 2022. The initiative also supports the reintroduction of species such as Kulan (wild asses) and, in 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/article\/2024\/jun\/10\/przewalskis-horses-only-wild-species-return-central-asian-steppes-kazakhstan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Przewalski\u2019s horses<\/a> for the first time in 200 years, and improves conditions for migratory birds, including the Steppe Eagle and the critically endangered Sociable Lapwing. By restoring degraded grasslands, the initiative enhances carbon sequestration and prevents wildfires, contributing to climate change mitigation. Additionally, it fosters sustainable land management practices, creates jobs, and boosts local economies, exemplifying how ecosystem restoration can yield wide-ranging benefits for both nature and communities. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/news-and-stories\/story\/kazakhstans-golden-steppe-shines-again\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Read more.<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ae713633 gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-1435ee2f gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-1435ee2f\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">The Satoyama Initiative blends traditional knowledge and modern science to restore ecosystems, enhance biodiversity, and support sustainable livelihoods globally<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-eb97156b\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-eb97156b\">\n\n<p>The Satoyama Initiative, a global effort led by Japan, illustrates an effective approach to ecosystem restoration that integrates traditional ecological knowledge with modern science to conserve biodiversity and promote sustainable livelihoods. The initiative supports the restoration and sustainable management of socio-ecological production landscapes and seascapes, such as terraced rice paddies that serve as rich wetland ecosystems and secondary woodlands maintained through traditional practices like coppicing. These efforts provide habitats for a wide range of species (including swans, ducks, dragonflies, and orchids) and have facilitated the reintroduction of species like storks in Toyooka City. Supported by the International Partnership for the Satoyama Initiative (IPSI), which includes 267 organisations, the initiative has implemented over 200 community-based projects across 20 developing countries, funded by the Japan Biodiversity Fund and managed by the UNDP. This example demonstrates how ecosystem restoration efforts can enhance biodiversity while promoting sustainable use of natural resources and maintaining carbon sequestration capacity. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbd.int\/sustainable\/doc\/satoyama-initiative-brochure-en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5c4e39c6 gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-3f8dc4cd gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-3f8dc4cd\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">Animating the carbon cycle through trophic rewilding<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-dfb597e6\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dfb597e6\">\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-5cb56d3c gb-headline-text\">Trophic rewilding involves restoring and protecting animals&#8217; functional roles in ecosystems, often through species (re)introduction. An example of the benefits of animating the carbon cycle through trophic rewilding is what happened in the Serengeti in the 1950s. Earlier in the century, the Wildebeest population had been largely obliterated by the rinderpest virus contracted from domesticated cattle. With the sudden reduction in grazing, standing grasses frequently fuelled widespread severe wildfires, releasing carbon into the atmosphere. After introducing a vaccine against the rinderpest virus, the wildebeest population saw a resurgence. Their grazing, and the increased introduction of wildebeest dung into soil by insects, helped transform the savanna from a fire-prone grassland carbon source to a carbon sink, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41558-023-01631-6.epdf?sharing_token=s48LR-9xjOChNYQPzXyGptRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Nk-Nr0hEzZ-ozTdmB979tFrC1iPfYQK4tNwmdSgNri4Dru4OjZ1s1xqCPcLYe1EFyQ7JU32sHAuWkjMa6b7mB4W1sHrEu-CYYHDn4vCt9SSqc8dVAvG_tLBj431kuQNw4%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">storing<\/a> up to 4.4 million tons of carbon dioxide more than when wildebeest numbers were low.<br><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fa7d5041 gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-88f2dcb2 gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-88f2dcb2\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">Reintroducing bison to Romania&#8217;s \u021aarcu mountains boosts carbon sequestration, potentially offsetting CO2 emissions of 43 thousand cars annually<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-c4bd39fd\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c4bd39fd\">\n\n<p>A recent study from the Yale School of the Environment estimates that reintroducing 170 European bison to Romania&#8217;s \u021aarcu mountains can play a significant role in climate change mitigation. The research suggests that 20 square miles of grassland, where the bison graze, are drawing down an additional 54,000 tons of carbon annually\u2014an amount equivalent to the yearly emissions of 43,000 cars. By grazing, the bison encourage plant growth and nutrient recycling, which enhances carbon sequestration in the soil. Although these findings have not yet been peer-reviewed, they underscore how the restoration of large animals can help slow climate warming. <a href=\"https:\/\/e360.yale.edu\/digest\/romania-bison-carbon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Read more.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is the first case study from the Yale\/GRA model on Animating the Carbon Cycle, which predicts the improved carbon sequestration levels from ecosystems as their wild animal populations are restored. As of October 2024, four additional studies are being conducted in the forests of central Africa, Chile, Argentina, and Mexico, with more about to start. This stream of work promises to enhance the evidence base about the role of wild animals in stabilising the global climate.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-098690c8 gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-3ec3cf43 gb-accordion__toggle accordion__button\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-3ec3cf43\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">Wolves boost forest carbon storage by controlling herbivore populations, potentially offsetting CO2 emissions equal to 6-20 million cars annually<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-8fd913fb\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-8fd913fb\">\n\n<p>Apex predators play a pivotal role in an ecosystem\u2019s carbon sequestration. They regulate herbivores and smaller predator populations and thus augment the trophic cascade, or food chain, throughout the ecosystem. The wolf best illustrates such carbon-storing effects of predators<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-f97ff324 gb-headline-text\">A 2016 <a href=\"https:\/\/esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ecs2.1501\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">report<\/a> showed that wolves in North American forests can boost carbon storage in vegetation and soil by preying on moose populations. Also, their mere presence <a href=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2022\/12\/animating-the-carbon-cycle-earths-animals-vital-allies-in-co2-storage\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">keeps<\/a> moose on the move, averting potential overgrazing. The carbon-offsetting effect of wolves \u2013 the study estimated \u2013 is equivalent to removing 6 to 20 million cars from the road annually.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Yellowstone National Park provides a good <a href=\"https:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/resource\/wolves-yellowstone\/\">example<\/a> of the wolves\u2019s impact. Early 20th-century wolf extermination led to booming elk populations, resulting in overgrazing and devastating ecological consequences. With their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yellowstonepark.com\/things-to-do\/wildlife\/wolf-reintroduction-changes-ecosystem\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">reintroduction<\/a> in the 1990s, this imbalance began to rectify, showcasing the indispensability of apex predators.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ecosystem restoration initiatives are essential for re-establishing nature\u2019s carbon sequestration capacity. By revitalising ecosystems through, for example, rewilding initiatives, ecosystems regain their balance, enabling them to capture and store carbon more effectively. For instance, a 2023 Nature Climate Change paper showed that rewilding efforts focused on restoring populations of nine key wildlife species could capture &#8230; <a title=\"Ecosystem Restoration to Reestablish Nature\u2019s Carbon Sequestration Capacity\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/2024\/09\/05\/ecosystem-restoration-to-reestablish-natures-carbon-sequestration-capacity\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Ecosystem Restoration to Reestablish Nature\u2019s Carbon Sequestration Capacity\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":736,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"slim_seo":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"policy-action-number":[11],"class_list":["post-230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biodiversity-protection-and-restoration","policy-action-number-1-3"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=230"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1171,"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/230\/revisions\/1171"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/736"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=230"},{"taxonomy":"policy-action-number","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/animals4climate.wfa.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/policy-action-number?post=230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}